The Secret Circle The Power Chapter Six Free Essays

â€Å"Aunt Constance!† Melanie wheezed. â€Å"You heard me,† the dim haired lady said to Adam. She took a gander at the remainder of the gathering. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Six or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now â€Å"Get out of here, every one of you! I don’t like that sort of joke, particularly now. Haven’t you raised enough hell with your interfering? Poor Alexandra in the visitor room, and Maeve hardly in the ground . . . Melanie, I need them out of the house!† Tree and Granny Quincey were both vacillating. â€Å"Oh dear, goodness dear,† Granny Quincey was stating, lifting hands that seemed as though little winged creature paws, and â€Å"Oh, if it's not too much trouble Miss Burke,† Laurel was importuning, nearly in tears. â€Å"You have no regard at all,† Aunt Constance stated, breathing hard. Her eyes were as splendid as though she had a fever. â€Å"Young individuals never do, Constance,† Adam’s grandma stated, laughing. â€Å"Why, I recall when we were their age, the fiendishness we used to get up to †¦ gracious, me.† Still chuckling and shaking her head, Adam’s grandma popped another treat in her mouth. â€Å"Grandma, it would be ideal if you tune in. It’s not a joke,† Adam started defenselessly, yet it was no utilization. There was an excess of clamor; everybody was talking without a moment's delay. Over everything Great-auntie Constance kept on requesting them out, informing Melanie to overlook regarding the chaos on the floor and simply go. Granny Quincey was twittering and making quieting motions, which everyone overlooked. Old Mrs. Franklin was grinning at them all altruisticly. Diana was begging Melanie’s auntie to tune in, yet without much of any result. â€Å"For the last time!† Aunt Constance cried, fluttering a hand as though to shoo Diana and the Club out the entryway. â€Å"Miss Burke!† Cassie hollered. She felt near tears herself, in spite of the fact that Nick had been discreetly attempting to accompany her out since the yelling had begun. Cassie didn’t need to go; she thought she comprehended what Great-auntie Constance was discussing when she referenced the kids’ intruding. â€Å"Miss Burke,† she rehashed, constraining her way forward once more. She got herself straightforwardly before Great-auntie Constance. â€Å"I’m sorry,† Cassie stated, and it was out of nowhere calm enough that she could hear the flimsiness in her own voice. â€Å"It’s my mother that’s in your visitor room, and you realize how thankful I am that you’re dealing with her. Furthermore, it’s my grandma that’s in the ground. Be that as it may, who do you think did that to them? It wasn’t the Club. My grandma let me know before she kicked the bucket that he had arranged from the start to return, and that she generally realized he would figure out how to do it. It’s genuine that it’s incompletely the Circle’s flaw he’s back †it’s somewhat my issue. Also, we’re heartbroken, more sorry than you can know. Yet, he truly is here.† She stopped a second, at that point included right around a murmur, â€Å"Really.† Auntie Constance was breathing rapidly through her nose. She drew herself up more grandly than any other time in recent memory, her lips a slim red slice over her face. â€Å"I’m apprehensive I can’t accept any of what you’re saying. It is essentially im-unimaginable †† The woman’s articulation changed, curving in torment. She gave a heave and gripped at her chest. â€Å"Aunt Constance,† Melanie cried, hurrying to her. It took both her and Adam to push the inflexible lady to a seat. â€Å"Should I call a doctor?† Diana inquired. â€Å"No!† Aunt Constance stated, lifting her head. â€Å"It’s nothing. I’m OK now.† â€Å"It’s not nothing, Constance,† a quavery voice stated, and Cassie saw Granny Quincey getting off the couch to come remain next to the seat. â€Å"It’s your heart coming clean with you. I think we’d better tune in to these children.† There was a quietness while Melanie’s auntie took a gander at Melanie, at that point at Adam, at that point at Cassie. Cassie constrained herself to restore the puncturing look. Auntie Constance’s eyes shut and she gradually reclined in the seat. â€Å"You’re right,† she stated, without taking a gander at anybody. â€Å"Come in, every one of you, and discover some place to plunk down. At that point you can tell your story.† â€Å"So at long last we chose we’d better converse with you three, since you were the ones who may recall him from the last time,† Diana said. â€Å"We thought of asking our folks, too †â€Å" â€Å"Don’t go to your parents,† Aunt Constance said straight. She had sat and tuned in to the entire story, her appearance getting grimmer and grimmer. A quality of depressing awfulness hung in the room. â€Å"They wouldn’t understand,† she stated, and her look chose Cassie emptily, making Cassie think about her mother’s clear eyes. â€Å"They won’t recollect. Dear God, how I’ve wanted that I could overlook too †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What’s past is past,† Granny Quincey said. â€Å"Yes,† said Great-auntie Constance. She fixed. â€Å"But I don’t know how you think three elderly people ladies are going to help you †against him.† â€Å"We felt that you may recollect something about him, some shortcoming; something we can use to battle him,† Adam said. Auntie Constance gradually shook her head. Granny Quincey was glaring, her face pressed together into several wrinkles. Old Mrs. Franklin wore an extremely lovely articulation; Cassie couldn’t tell if she’d been following the story or not. â€Å"If he can resurrect, he can’t have numerous weaknesses,† Aunt Constance murmured cruelly. â€Å"And he was consistently shrewd at controlling. You state that Faye Chamberlain is on his side?† â€Å"We’re apprehensive so,† Adam said. â€Å"That’s awful. He’ll utilize her to get at you, at your shortcomings. Draw her away from him on the off chance that you can. However, how?† Aunt Constance’s temple lined in fixation. â€Å"The hematite †take that from her. It’s risky; he can utilize it to impact her mind.† Diana looked at Cassie, as though to state, I let you know. Auntie Constance was going on. â€Å"And you state the skull is gone at this point? Are you sure?† â€Å"It’s gone,† Adam said. â€Å"It appeared as though it detonated when Faye was holding it, not long before we were completely thumped out,† Cassie said. â€Å"Something burst out of it, at any rate. Also, we couldn’t discover a hint of it afterward.† â€Å"Well . . . there’s no real way to utilize that against him, at that point. Furthermore, you, Cassie, you haven’t discovered anything in your grandmother’s Book to help you?† â€Å"Not yet. I haven’t gotten entirely through it, though,† Cassie conceded. Auntie Constance was shaking her head. â€Å"Power, you need capacity to use against him. You’re very youthful to battle him †and we’re excessively old. What's more, in the middle of our ages are only nitwits. There’s no force sufficient around here.. .† â€Å"There was once,† Granny Quincey said in her reedy voice. Auntie Constance took a gander at her, and her appearance changed. â€Å"Once . . . indeed, of course.† She went to the Circle. â€Å"If the old stories are valid, there used to be a force sufficiently able to devastate Black John.† â€Å"What power?† Laurel inquired. Auntie Constance countered with an inquiry. â€Å"How did Adam happen to discover the skull, exactly?† â€Å"It wasn’t an accident,† Diana said. â€Å"He was out searching for the Master Tools . . .† She halted. â€Å"The Master Tools,† she murmured. â€Å"Yes. The ones that had a place with the first coven, the genuine Salem witches. Our precursors who established New Salem after the witch trackers drove them out of Salem Village.† Cassie was standing up noisy before she† thought. â€Å"But exactly what were the Master Tools, exactly?† It was Granny Quincey who replied. â€Å"The images of the witch head, obviously. The diadem, the arm band, and the garter.† â€Å"The ones we use are simply imitations,† Melanie said. â€Å"They are simply images. The first coven’s were ground-breaking; genuine apparatuses to be utilized. Be that as it may, Aunt Constance† †she turned around to her auntie †â€Å"it was Black John who concealed the Master Tools. Adam’s been searching for them for a considerable length of time, from here to Cape Cod. How might we discover them now?† â€Å"I don’t know,† the lady said. â€Å"But you’ve made one thing incorrectly there. Dark John didn’t conceal them, the first coven did. They concealed the devices from him, so he wouldn’t have the option to utilize them. They realized that with the intensity of the skull and the instruments together, he would be strong. That’s what my grandma let me know, anyway.† â€Å"They wouldn’t have taken the apparatuses far to hide,† Granny Quincey included. â€Å"That’s simply sense. Dark John was a voyager, however our predecessors weren’t. They were serene, home-adoring people.† â€Å"You wanted our recommendation †well, that’s mine,† Aunt Constance said. â€Å"Find the Master Tools. In the event that all of you stand together, utilizing those, you may get an opportunity against him.† Her lips were a slender line once more. â€Å"All right,† Adam said gradually. â€Å"We understand.† Cassie let her breath out, making an effort not to feel frustrated. It was a word of wisdom, yet she’d trusted †for what? For her own grandma, she assumed. She needed her grandma, who had been so astute, and had by one way or another consistently caused Cassie to feel as though she were more grounded than she’d suspected. â€Å"And continue perusing that book your grandmother gave yo

The German Way of War

System Monitoring And Management System Information Technology Essay Aâ literature reviewâ is a collection of content that intends to survey the basic purposes of current information including considerable discoveries just as hypothetical and methodological commitments to a specific theme. Writing surveys areâ secondary sources, and all things considered, don't report any new or unique exploratory work. Frequently connected with scholastic arranged writing, such asâ theses, a writing audit generally goes before an exploration proposition and results segment. Its definitive objective is to carry the peruser fully informed regarding ebb and flow writing on a subject and structures the reason for another objective, for example, future research that might be required in the zone. An all around organized writing audit is portrayed by aâ logicalâ flow of thoughts; momentum and pertinent references with reliable, appropriateâ referencing style; legitimate use ofâ terminology; and an impartial and complete perspective on the past research on the point. 4.1 Domain Research 4.1.1 Network Monitoring and Management framework 4.1.1.1 Introduction to the utilization of Network Monitoring and Management framework At whatever point there is essential data in an association there must be some specialist who needs to give safety efforts to that data. This is on the grounds that this imperative data can be a type of field-tested strategies, client subtleties or any sort of secret tenders that is essential to hierarchical advantage. Any adversary organization can pick up benefit in the event that it has gotten to those data using any and all means. In this manner here emerge the need and utilization of system checking framework that will have the option to screen the exercises of its customer. Also in each organization one can expect there will be one system director. Be that as it may, when the quantity of machine expands it is hard to deal with those machines physically. Assume one have to introduce a projects in the customer PC, the chairman needs to go to that PC and afterward introduce. It is truly tedious to go to every single PC for commencement and wrapping a set up process. Another approach to tackle this issue is to enlist more representatives for support of the machines. Presently this will be expensive issue. So the utilization of Network Monitoring and Management together structures a significant piece of authoritative PC organize in day to life. 4.1.1.2 Network Monitoring and Management System The termâ network monitoringâ describes the utilization of a framework that continually screens aâ computer networkâ for moderate or bombing segments and that advises theâ network administratorâ (via email, pager or different alerts) if there should arise an occurrence of blackouts. It is a subset of the capacities included inâ network the executives. While anâ intrusion identification systemâ monitors a system for dangers all things considered, a system observing framework screens the system for issues brought about by over-burden and additionally smashed servers, arrange associations or different gadgets. Compelling getting ready for a system the executives framework necessitates that various system the board undertakings be performed. The system the board framework ought to find the system stock, screen the wellbeing and status of gadgets and give cautions to conditions that sway framework execution. Anâ intrusion identification system (IDS) is a gadget orâ software applicationâ that screens organize as well as framework exercises for noxious exercises or arrangement infringement and produces reports to a Management Station. Interruption counteraction is the way toward performing interruption discovery and endeavoring to stop distinguished conceivable incidents. Intrusion recognition and avoidance frameworks (IDPS) are principally centered around recognizing potential occurrences, logging data about them, endeavoring to stop them, and revealing them to security administrators.â IDPSs have become an essential expansion to the security foundation of almost every association. System managementâ refers to the exercises, strategies, methodology, and apparatuses that relate to: Activity manages keeping the system (and the administrations that the system gives) ready for action easily. It incorporates observing the system to spot issues at the earliest opportunity, preferably before clients are influenced. Organization manages monitoring assets in the system and how they are alloted. It incorporates all the housekeeping that is important to monitor the system. Upkeep is worried about performing fixes and redesigns for instance, when hardware must be supplanted, when a switch needs a fix for a working framework picture, when another switch is added to a system. Upkeep likewise includes remedial and preventive measures to make the oversaw organize run better, for example, altering gadget design parameters. Provisioning is worried about designing assets in the system to help a given assistance. For instance, this may incorporate setting up the system with the goal that another client can get voice administration. 4.1.1.2.1 Types of interruption discovery frameworks [B5][B6] To manage IT, there are three fundamental kinds of IDS: Fig: Showing kind of interruption Detection framework System interruption discovery system (NIDS) It is a free stage that distinguishes interruptions by analyzing system traffic and screens various hosts. System interruption location frameworks access organize traffic by associating with aâ network hub,â network switchâ configured forâ port reflecting, orâ network tap. In a NIDS, sensors are situated at gag focuses in the system to be observed, regularly in the disarmed zone (DMZ) or at arrange fringes. Sensors catch all system traffic and investigate the substance of individual bundles for vindictive traffic. A case of a NIDS is Snort. Host-based interruption discovery system (HIDS) It comprises of an operator on a host that recognizes interruptions by investigating framework calls, application logs, document framework changes (doubles, secret word records, capacity databases, Access control records, and so on.) and other host exercises and state. In a HIDS, sensors for the most part comprise of aâ software specialist. Some application-based IDS are additionally part of this classification. A case of a HIDS is OSSEC. Border Intrusion Detection System (PIDS) Distinguishes and pinpoints the area of interruption endeavors on edge wall of basic foundations. Utilizing either hardware or more advancedâ fiber opticâ cable innovation fitted to the edge fence, the PIDS distinguishes unsettling influences going back and forth, and this sign is checked and if an interruption is recognized and regarded by the framework as an interruption endeavor, an alert is activated. 4.1.1.2.2 Comparison with firewalls In spite of the fact that the two of them identify with organize security, an interruption recognition framework (IDS) varies from a firewall in that a firewall searches externally for interruptions so as to prevent them from occurring. Firewalls limit access between systems to forestall interruption and don't flag an assault from inside the system. An IDS assesses a speculated interruption once it has occurred and flags an alert. An IDS likewise looks for assaults that begin from inside a framework. This is customarily accomplished by looking at arrange interchanges, distinguishing heuristics and examples (frequently known as marks) of basic PC assaults, and making a move to caution administrators. A framework that ends associations is called anâ intrusion counteraction framework, and is another type of anâ application layer firewall 4.1.1.3 Components of Network Monitoring and Management System The system checking framework essentially contains various modules with the assistance of which legitimate working is completed. Coming up next are the rundown of modules and procedures: Introductory Set-Up: This is the initial step while setting up a system checking apparatus. The machines must be genuinely associated. IP tending to ought to be appropriately done. System Mapping: The framework conveys an order over the system alongside use of different parts to get the base information on the model where the system is working system. This model is helpful for recording the system setup. Machine Pooling: Now the guide is readied, and the framework sends the present status solicitation to the segments that are in the system. With this procedure the framework would ready to get the information on any potential disappointments that exist in the system. Cautions Notification: The application can distinguish the potential disappointments in the current system. Like if any framework has left LAN because of any link issue or any kind of different disappointments it will send warning to the manager. Data about mistakes can be shown midway or even sent as a SMS message to a cell phone Notification can be through email, SMS or Pager. Detailing: The log-sheet with the assistance of the order can be valuable for the framework head to produce the possibility of the sort of blunder that has been every now and again happening. By experiencing a careful research the engineer has discovered that specific procedures like separating of customer, posting of procedure, overseeing customers and their procedures are the essential functionalities that must be available in a system observing framework. 4.1.1.4 Network based Application Architecture System based application design can be depicted as the product engineering of the system based application. It gives a theoretical view and the model for examination of the design that will be utilized to construct the framework. It clarifies how framework parts are allotted and distinguished and how these segments interface with the framework. Additionally gives data on the sum and granularity of correspondence required for interface. Alongside it likewise gives thought on the interface conventions. 4.1.1.4.1 Client/Server Architecture [W2][W3] The customer server model recognizes applications just as gadgets. System customers make solicitations to a server by sending messages, and servers resp

Research method Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research technique - Assignment Example The bank presents various proposals to Super Cars; the alternative to get installment following three months of entering the arrangement, or getting the installment following one year. By releasing these differentiating offers, the bank needs to likewise shield itself from the impacts of vulnerabilities in the universal market, in this manner offering Super Cars least padding from the equivalent. The Super Cars’ resolve to pick the three-month installment term presents better an incentive for the firm, and in this way insists more noteworthy introduction to hazard for HSBC. At long last, HSBC assesses two choices with the outside cash it obtains: to either change over the money to dollars promptly or following one year. This is done through looking at methodologies to moderate impacts of money esteem changes that the bank could utilize. The USA Super Cars sells extravagance sports vehicles to purchasers in various goals around the globe. Throughout the following one year, the firm will be required to flexibly the UK, Japanese, Canadian, South African and the neighborhood US markets with sports vehicles. So as to decide the normal costs of the items at the time they will be sent to mentioned goals (the vehicles will be required precisely one year from now), the firm has taken determined evaluations of the dollar’s trade rates against the outside monetary standards in the objective markets. Along these lines, it is conceivable to decently appraise the measure of income anticipated from the deals, considering both the lower and upper limits for the equivalent. This report analyzes the estimation of the offer introduced by HSBC to USA Super Cars, its capacity to pad the last from anticipated that dangers and the capacity should create a benefit for HSBC. Note: In these estimations, the aggregates are in this manner partitioned by n = 27 (the quantity of vehicles that have been requested by the residential and outside purchasers) so as to work with the equation for z-scores. = (81,481.48 †113,011.1)/16,491.40 = - 1.912, equal to the

Essay 6 IABC Code of Ethics Essay - 275 Words

Essay 6: IABC Code of Ethics (Essay Sample) Content: IABC Code of EthicsName:Subject:Date of submission IABC Code of EthicsThe term ethics could be elucidated as an acceptable set of rules that govern the existence of a particular group (The International Federation of Accountants, 2007). The business profession has several codes of ethics that apply to stakeholders such as clients, employees and the entire public. It is notable that the Institute of Management Consultants and the International Codes of Business Communicators have several codes of ethics that apply to stakeholders such as the public, employees, and clients. This paper examines some of the codes of ethics that apply to stakeholders from the aforementioned groups. According to Grein and Gould (2010), the business code of conduct requires organizations to maintain integrity of information at all times. Consequently, both organizations require their members to ascertain integrity of information earned by virtue of their offices. Further, Leipziger (2010) ar gues that the integrity of professional information is important because it not only attracts clients, but it also ensures clients that an industry adheres to acceptable standards of professionalism. It is also notable that both organizations encourage honesty from their employees. This code of conduct is meant to serve clients effectively by ensuring that clients receive accurate and acceptable services (Brink, 2011). Additionally, the Institute of Management Consultants discourages their members from advertising their services inaccurately. Evidently, discouraging their members from such tasks protects the publics interests by ensuring the public receives the right perceptions from professionals in the industry. It is crucial to highlight that the integrity of information as an ethical code of conduct also applies to employees (Bredeson, 2012). This owes to the reality that employees protect their professions by adhering to the requirement. For further elucidation, most professio ns punish practitioners who use professional information inadequately. Thus, employees must maintain high levels of integrity when handling professional information. References Bredeson, D. (2012)....

Cyberbullying Among Teens - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1238 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/02/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Bullying Essay Cyber Bullying Essay Did you like this example? Before the internet, bullying was a problem, a problem that occurred in school hallways and popular hangout spots. Face-to-face bullying could only reach so far, the victims could choose to walk away and find a safe place. Adolescents and teenagers were safe in the privacy of their own homes. Hateful words and physical harm could not enter the walls of their own bedrooms. Now with rapidly growing technology bullying knows no boundaries. Cyberbullying has become a world-wide problem that can be damaging to teens and can lead to suicide, depression, self-mutilation and low self-esteem. Social media is a large part of everyone’s live especially teenagers. In today’s society cellphones and other electronic devices are the main form of communication. Teenagers depend upon their electronic device and it seems as if the media has taken over their lives. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cyberbullying Among Teens" essay for you Create order â€Å"It is estimated that 93% of adolescents, ages 12 to 17 years, use the internet and 75% of this population have their own cell phone. Twenty-five percent of those having a cell phone use it for social media.† â€Å"Adolescents spend an average of 10 hours a day using various forms of media.† (Burnett) Did you know that middle schoolers use more media than any other age groups? The overuse of social media has been linked to lower academic achievement grades, lower attachment to school and shorter attention spans. Social media can also lead adolescents to becoming the target of cyberbullies. How common is cyberbullying, 15-22% of teenagers admit to cyberbullying others and about 1 in 3 youth report they have been a victim of bullying. While social media and the internet has its drawbacks it also has positive aspects as well. Social media allows teenagers to engage with others from different cultural, religious, and ethnic backgrounds without the use of social media they might not have been given this opportunity. The internet as well as social media has great educational benefits when used correctly. Social media is also a way to spread social awareness about issues these teenagers believe need to be addressed. Cyberbullying is a controversial matter that must be addressed. Unlike face-to-face bullying, cyberbullying cannot be avoided. When you are being bullied face-to-face you can choose to walk away or ignore the situation, but with cyberbullying no matter how long you turn off the internet or how long you chose to avoid the situation once you turn back on the cellphone or log back into social media the words and comments will be there waiting for you. The use of the internet allows a bully to send harassing messages through e-mail or instant messaging: post obscene, insulting, and slanderous messages in chat rooms. An organization called stopcyberbullying.org describes cyberbullying as â€Å"when an adolescent or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another adolescent or teen using the internet, interactive and digital technologies.† (Wiredkids). Cyberbullying is a form of bullying that uses technology such as text messages, apps and social media to cause a person to feel embarrassment, shame and guilt. Cyberbullies can use social media 24 hours a day to harass their target no matter where they are. Cyberbullies use social media to intentionally inflict mental harm to any chosen victim for no other reason than their own personal gratification. Cyberbullying can take many forms publically or privately including social media, text messages and instant messages. Cyberbullying can not be blamed on social media sites. These networking sites do not create cyberbullies nor do they encourage the actions of a cyberbully. I bet your wondering who a cyberbully is. How can you identify a cyberbully? Well the answer to that is that a cyberbully is a person who torments others using social media, the internet or any other digital technology. Cyberbullies are typical known to the victim. The interesting thing about cyberbullies is that in most cases they have been victims of bullying to. Cyberbullying is not limited to the United States it has become a worldwide problem. It is fast growing and as of now no one seems to know how to stop it. The US government has already imposed several laws regarding cyberbullying. If you are caught cyberbullying depending upon which state you live in you could be punished by being expelled, fined and even receive jail time for a misdemeanor or a felony. Cyberbullying is not just posting hateful and rude comments on someone’s social media page. Cyberbullying can be threatening to hurt or kill someone online, posting mean or hurtful pictures or videos on the internet. Pretending to be someone else online in order to obtain false or hurtful information about someone or even creating a webpage about someone where others can post mean or hurtful things about them. Despite the absence of physical harm cyberbullying can be more harmful than traditional bullying. Cyberbullying is limited, it can be viewed by anyone which can cause the victim unforeseen harm to not only the victim but to family and friends as well. The harmful effects of cyberbullying are not just a cause for concern for parents but for educators as well. Victims of cyberbullies are unable to escape the bullying can lead to several psychosocial problems but psychological problems as well. Depression, anxiety, substance abuse and heightened anger disposition are only a few of the problems that victims of cyberbullying can experience. What can we do when we notice the signs of cyberbullying? The first thing to do would be to talk to the victim. Ask questions and learn what is happening. Find out who is involved and how long the situation has been going on. The next step would be to report the bullying. Most schools have policies put into place for cyberbullies. The last step would be to offer support. Sometimes all a victim needs are to know that someone is there for them. Let them know that they are not alone and that you are there to help. So how do we prevent cyberbullying? The first step is to learn the warning signs that someone you know, or love is a victim of cyberbullying. Many signs of cyberbullying are most often noticed when the victim is around an electronic device. The victim can start showing signs of avoidance when around social situations. They may delete their social media accounts and they can become withdrawn and depressed and lose interest in activities and people they once liked. It is important to teach teenagers and adolescents what they can do with if they were to experience cyberbullying. It is important that they keep all the messages, pictures and videos and anything else the bully has sent or posted on websites. It is also important that they know that they can talk about what is happening. By talking about the issues at hand it makes it easier to handle the situation and the victim will not feel like they are all alone. Victims also need to learn that it is not ok to retaliate. It is tempting to return the bullying but by retaliating the victim might make the situation worse. Cyberbullying has and is increasing as our technology increases. It is important that teachers and parents are aware of the situation and teach teenagers how to handle the situation if it should ever arise. We will never be able to completely stop cyberbullying but maybe by being more educated and better aware of the situation we can help those that are being victimized by cyberbullies.

U.s. Automaker s Environmental Outlook - 861 Words

The U.S. Automaker’s Environmental Outlook The U.S. automobile industry (hereinafter referred to as the â€Å"Industry†) represents 3% of America’s Gross domestic product (GDP) and almost 5% of the country’s workforce. The Industry has made huge gains since the Great Recession (2007-09), with domestic sales topping US$570 billion in 2015, the highest in fifteen years. Exports of vehicles and parts generate more revenue than aerospace. Current capacity produces over eleven million vehicles annually (AAPC, 2015). This paper looks at the environmental challenges facing Detroit s â€Å"Big Three† (i.e., Ford, General Motors, and Fiat Chrysler), America’s three largest automakers, who compete alongside European and Asian car manufacturers, many of whom build their vehicles in the United States. Environmental Factors The Industry faces global competition, restrictive environmental regulations, and a millennial customer base that demands corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the Internet of things connected to their vehicles. Historically low fuel costs in the U.S. drive larger vehicle sales, and at the same time, environmental concerns necessitate putting more electrically powered cars on the road. Above all is market pressure to deliver quality, which builds a brand, creates a following, and saves automakers future warranty repair costs. Below, some of these environmental forces are examined. Political At the forefront challenging the Industry is the growing body of evidenceShow MoreRelatedThe Auto Industry : A Global Economic Powerhouse And Juggernaut Of Cultural Influence1051 Words   |  5 PagesSince it’s inception in the 1900’s, the auto industry has become a global economic powerhouse and juggernaut of cultural influence. 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A Reflective Essay on Surgical and Anaesthetics Roles of Odp for an Abdominal Hysterectomy free essay sample

REFLECTIVE ESSAY ON THE LEARNING CONTRACT CONSIDERING THE SURGICAL AND ANAESTHETICS ROLES OF ODP FOR AN ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY. By AKINYEMI AKINTARO 0711964 Dip of HE (ODP) Enhanced Theatre Practice OPE09-1 REFLECTION ON THE LEARNING CONTRACT. This is a reflective essay based on my experience of participating in delivery of anaesthetic and surgical care to a patient undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under general and regional anaesthesia. I will be describing the process involved, my participation and contributions, what I learnt during the experience and how this gained knowledge will improve my professional competency. Reflection is a way in which health professionals can bring theory into practice because reflection has a potential to uncover knowledge and promote action. Reflection also promotes better clinical judgement. Dyke (1999) emphasised that reflection is a vital part of the practitioner’s daily work. Johns(2000) also described reflection as a window through which the practitioner can view and focus self within the context of his/her own lived experience in a way that enable him/her to confront, understand and work towards resolving the contradictions within him/her between what is desirable and actual practice. The use of a recognised frame work allows for a more structured interpretation when reflecting upon practice (Dyke, 1999). For the purpose of this essay I am going to use Gibbs’ (1998) mode of reflecting. This is a reflective cycle which provides a straight forward and structured framework and encourages a clear description of the situation, analysis to make sense of the experience, conclusion where other options are considered and reflection upon experience to examine what the professional would do should the situation arise again. It must be noted however that any reflective practice is reliant on memory and interpretation of events selective memory is a particular problem especially following a negative event (Newell, 1992). I will for the purpose of reflecting on this experience pay particular attention to the administration of epidural, the surgical scrubbing technique, accountability, and my roles as ODP in the above mentioned processes After deciding on hysterectomy as the topic for my learning contract, I had a discussion with my lead mentor, anaesthetic and surgical mentor on how best to give me the opportunity to be involved in two specific hysterectomy cases so that I can have both the anaesthetic and surgical assessment. Then I set about getting materials; literatures from journals, internet, textbook, and discussion with my mentors, other senior colleagues and consultants. In the period of sourcing for this specific knowledge base I have learnt a lot about hysterectomy; types, choices, emotional implications, and alternatives and I can say this will really help me in my future role as a professional. Analysis and Evaluation. Anaesthetic. For the purpose of fulfilling this learning contract I assisted the anaesthetist in preparing the patient who is to undergo abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia. And I was supervised by my anaesthetic mentor during this process. I earlier prepared the room, check the anaesthetic machine, set up the intravenous fluids ,brought out anaesthetic drugs , prepare for difficult intubation and set up for epidural. I checked the patient in by confirming her name, date of birth, last time she had anything to drink or eat. I was actually left alone to totally work with the anaesthetist without any contribution from my mentor. The anaesthetist also showed me how to set up the PCA pump infusion for post operative pain relief which the patient will take to the recovery. The anaesthetist talked me through the epidural insertion which was later connected to the Epidural pump. The experience was very good for my confidence and I also learnt the importance of preparing and be organised for the anaesthetic process; anything can happen in a split of a second. Epidural On completing this learning contract I now know that the advantage of epidural over spinal anaesthesia is the ability to maintain continuous anaesthesia after placement of an epidural catheter, thus making it suitable for procedures of long duration. This feature also enables the use of this technique into the postoperative period for analgesia, using lower concentrations of local anaesthetic drugs or in combination with different agents. Also I have a better understanding of the anatomy of the Epidural space, loss of resistance Arachnoid space, and Cerebrospinal fluid. I have also learnt about the potential complications of epidural e . g Hypotension, Inadvertent high epidural block, inadvertent high epidural block, Local anaesthetic toxicity, Total spinal, Accidental dural puncture (Visser, 2001). Learning about the potential complications of epidural reinforced my knowledge in being able to choose the right anaesthetic monitoring equipment. Knowing that Spinal and epidural anaesthesia can cause unpredictable and profound arterial hypotension necessitate the use of adequate monitoring like the; Pulse oximetry, ECG and Blood pressure cuff. This knowledge will help me to be able to select appropriate monitoring devices during epidural catheter insertion. Also it goes without saying that an epidural must be performed in a work area that is equipped for airway management and resuscitation. I now know that the hypotension is caused by vasodilatation because the sympathetic nerves that control tone are blocked. Peripheral pooling of blood occurs, resulting in a reduced venous return to the heart and a decrease in cardiac output. This is the reason for having a Hartmann’s fluid at hand and the important of hartmann’s fluid was emphasised by Casey (2000), along with the establishment of an intravenous access, because the effect of the epidural may cause vasodilatation and a drop in blood pressure due to autonomic and sensory fibres being blocked before motor fibres. I am better aware now why it is important that that the patient should be informed of the possible risks and complications associated with epidurals. While the anaesthetist would have done this it is an essential role of the ODP to reassure the patient and encourage the patient to ask any question that might be important to them. It is also possible to talk the patient through the procedure of the epidural, like the position; what the patient will feel or won’t feel; the cold spray to the back etc Roles of ODP in during Epidural When preparing for the epidural administration , I made sure the followings were ready and on hand; A basic universal pack which includes catheter, filter, Tuoy needle and loss of resistance syringe ; 1% or 2 % lignocaine, fentanyl, 10 20 mls normal saline, tegaderm and epidural dressing , sleek, transpore e. t . c I also made available Skin preparation solution of Chlorhexidine gluconate and I litre of Hartmann’s solution. The ODP also makes sure that before an epidural is performed, the anaesthetic room should be checked to make sure that there is proper equipment for airway management, resuscitation and routine vital signs monitoring must be available. The most important role of the ODP in assisting the anaesthetist to carry out an epidural procedure is to make sure everything that will be needed is on hand and ready to go. It is also important to make sure all the drugs and consumables to be used are in date and the ODP should be ready to assist the anaesthetist by opening things that are needed and also drugs on request. Another important role of the ODP which I recognised is in the positioning of the patient for epidural catheter insertion. The position could either be Sitting or Lateral Decubitus positions. When discussing with the anaesthetist, he said the position should be lateral decubitus to allow for ease of insertion. And as mentioned earlier reassuring the patient is another important skill that an ODP needs to develop. Surgery. I scrubbed for the case, set up the instrument, check the patient with the name band and consent form. I prepped and draped the patient with the surgeon’s assistant and positioned my trolley for the start of the case. Completing this learning contract afforded me the opportunity to build up on the knowledge I had gained previously on scrubbing, gloving and gowning In each operating area there is a separate scrub-up zone outside the operating room. The scrubbing process involves series of steps like brushing of nails, cleaning and drying of hand and arms. However, the aims are to remove dirt, skin oil, and transient micro-organisms from the nails, hands, and forearms; to reduce the resident microbial count to as near zero as possible and to leave an antimicrobial residue on the skin to prevent re-growth of microbes for several hours (Nicolette, 2007). During the completion of this learning contract; and through my discussion with senior colleague , reading journal and textbooks ;I learnt more about the importance of aseptic surgical scrubbing is essential and needs to be done religiously, with the practitioner being accountable to make sure that; they use proper scrubbing technique; only sterile items are used within the sterile field; check for the package integrity before use; make sure that items of doubtful sterility are considered unsterile and whenever a sterile barrier is permeated, it must be considered contaminated. The scrubbed practitioner must never forget that sterile gowns are considered sterile in front from shoulder to level of sterile field and at the sleeves from 2 inches above the elbow to the cuff. The cuff should be considered unsterile because it tends to collect moisture and is not an effective bacterial barrier. Other areas of the gown that must be considered unsterile are the neckline, shoulders, areas under the arms, and the back. These areas may become contaminated by perspiration or by collar and shoulder surfaces rubbing together during head and neck movement. Accountability as related to swabs and sharps counting. According to Hughes (2002) the concept of professional accountability remains an ever-present issue in the operating theatre; with nurses and ODPs often acting under the instructions of anaesthetists and surgeons, assuming that they are void of responsibility. Accountability is different from responsibility. Accountability means that the practitioner is able to give an explanation of, and justification for his or her actions. Whereas, responsibility relates to carrying out instruction accurately and within an agreed time frame. HPC (2004)standard of proficiency for ODPs , outlining the autonomy and accountability for ODPs, states that an ODP must be able to practice within the legal and ethical boundaries of their profession†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and be able to exercise a professional duty of care. Hence, an ODP involved in the scrub or circulating role must be accountable for swabs and sharps counting and cannot pass the responsibility to another person. Scrubbing for an abdominal hysterectomy case made me to appreciate better the importance of swab counting, anticipating the surgeon and decision making. Because of the different layers in structural anatomy of the abdominal wall it is important to follow the case closely as it progresses so as not to loose any swabs or sharps. According to Dunscombe (2007) Instrument count is as important as sharps count and should be carried out concurrently by the circulating and the scrub person before the procedure, with each person simultaneously viewing the instrument and audibly counting it. Items added during the procedure must also be counted and recorded. Swabs, sharps and instrument must be counted as each layer or major cavity is being closed and towards the end of the case. The instrument tray for abdominal hysterectomy is similar to most sets for general operations. There are scissors, artery and dissecting forceps, sponge holders, towel clips, needle holders, diathermy forceps etc. According to AfPP (2007) the scrubbed practitioner must recognise and identify the instruments and their purpose within the set. Gilmour(2008) maintained that the scrubbed practitioner is responsible for ensuring that all instruments are fit for purpose and able to perform the task required. If sterility is compromised (instruments found to be contaminated with blood or body tissue) then the set and instrument must be removed from theatre and reported to the sterile service department. The scrubbed practitioner must ensure that all instruments are accounted for throughout a surgical procedure, and if an instrument was to break intraoperatively then all the pieces must be retrieved and discarded with the appropriate note made on the tray list if necessary. At the end of the procedure all instruments must be counted and checked by the scrubbed and circulating practitioner. The scrubbed practitioner must ensure that all sharps and consumables are removed from instrument tray to prevent injury to either sterile services staff or those who transport the instruments between theatre and the sterile department. However, now I know that the most important instrument in the abdominal hysterectomy trays is clamps and retractors. Clamps are instrument specifically designed for holding tissue or other materials, and most have an easily recognisable design. They have finger rings ,for ease of holding; shank, whose length is approximate to the wound depth; ratchets on the shanks near the rings, which allow for the distal tip to be locked on the tissue or object grasped(Dunscombe,2007). During the surgical operation, and when the incision was made through the abdominal wall to the peritoneum and the peritoneum was retracted with self-retaining retractor, I found it easy to follow the procedure and identify the tissue and organs around the uterus; identifying landmarks like he round and broad ligaments, bladder, cervix etc. This is possible because I had read up on the anatomy related to abdominal hysterectomy. According to HPC (2004) standard of proficiency, an ODP must be able to gather appropriate information†¦, be able to draw on appropriate knowledge and skills in order to make professional judgement†¦. and understand the need for carer-long self-directed learning. The feedback after the case was positive with some construct ive advice on how to be a better scrub practitioner. The completion of this learning contract afforded me the opportunity to build on my previous knowledge and for example develop my role from circulating to scrubbing. I have more confidence preparing, assisting and participating in general and gynaecological cases, both from anaesthetic and surgical point of view. It is essential that the ODP in the scrub role has a basic knowledge of the structural anatomy involved in the procedure to scrub for. This will help to anticipate the needs of the surgeon very well and on time Conclusion During the process of fulfilling the learning contract I gained some important knowledge which I am certain will help to make me a better practitioner One of the most important thing I learnt is the importance of articulate preparation and anticipation in becoming a competent and reliable ODP, in both anaesthetic and scrub roles. Also having good basic functional structural anatomy knowledge of the procedure (both anaesthetic and scrub role) taken place helps to function very well as a practitioner. Effective communication is also important, for example in the anaesthetic room I learnt the importance of informing the patient about effect of the procedure they are having. Like explaining the effect of epidural to reassure them. Before this learning exercise I usually think only the anaesthetist can give explanation to the patient about certain things. But from my discussion with the anaesthetist, I was made to understand that as long you are capable of taking responsibility for the information given then that should be okay. According to Taylor and Campbell(1999) effective communication, both verbal and written, is fundamental to the organisational management of the operating department. I also appreciate better the importance of swabs, sharps and instruments counting and when to do the counting as each layer is being closed. As a practitioner, I have a responsibility to make sure that the instruments are adequate and functional before the procedure and to make sure that everything is accounted for at the end of the procedure. Generally, I would say that this learning contract afforded me the opportunity to progress from the circulating role to the scrub role. Also I gained more confident assisting the anaesthetist in the anaesthetic room. On reflection I can say that I have gained more practical knowledge in anaesthetics and I can anticipate better than before, to assist the anaesthetist. I understand now what are needed to provide general and regional anaesthesia for typical gynaecological and general cases. I have learnt that the anaesthetic assistant’s key role were that they needed to continually anticipate and respond to the requirement of the anaesthetist, while at the same time remaining the patient’s advocate and ensuring that safe practice is maintained . This view is supported by Harvey (2005) while emphasising the need for the whole anaesthetic team to work together, anticipating each other’s needs and requirement, this will help to dealt with, safely, any problem encountered during the administration of anaesthesia . Anytime I have the opportunity to assist in the abdominal hysterectomy operation either as a scrub practitioner or ODP assisting the anaesthetist I am certain I would be able to bring all these experience to good use. References Alexander. M, Fawcett. N, Runciman. P,(1994), Nursing Practice Hospital and Home The Adult. Churchill Livingstone: London. Casey, W (2000) Spinal Anaesthesia- A practical guide (page I). Nda[online] Available at : http://www. nda. ox. ac. uk/wfsa (Accessed: 31 Feb, 2008). Chang, A. , Ip, W. , T. H. Cheung, T. (2004), ‘Patient controlled analgesia versus conventional intramuscular injection: a cost effectiveness analysis’ Journal of Advanced Nursing 46(5) pp. 531 – 541. Cooley. C, (2000) Communication skills in palliative care. Professional Nurse. 15(9) 603-605. DeLamar, L. (2007) ‘ Anaesthesia’ in Rothrock J (ed) Alexander’s care of the patient in surgery. 13th edn. Missouri: Mosby. Pp. 120 – 122. Dyke, M (1999) ‘Reflection on perioperative practice: When is it right to say no? ’ British Journal of Theatre Nursing,9(12)pp. 584 – 587. Dunscombe,A. (2007) ‘Sutures, needles and instrument’,in Rothrock J (ed)Alexander’s care of the patient in surgery. 13th edn. Missouri: Mosby. pp. 158 181. Fischer, B. Chaudhari, M. (2006) ‘Techniques of Epidural block’ Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, 7(11)pp. 422 426. Gilmour,D. (2008)‘Instrument integrity and sterility: the operative practitioner’s responsibilities’ . Journal of perioperative practice. 18(7) pp. 292 – 296. Glaze,J(1999)The reflective practitioner, British journal of Theatre Nursing. 9(1)pp. 30 – 34. Griffiths, R (2000), ‘Anaesthesia: circulation and invasive monitoring’ BJPN, 10(3) pp 167- 171. Harvey, P. (2005) ‘The role of the ODP in Obstetric Haemorrhage’ JOODP. 1(11)pp. 16-19. Johns, C. (2000) ‘Becoming a reflective practitioner’ Blackwell Science, Oxford. Newell, R. (1992), Anxiety, Accuracy and Reflection: the limits of professional development, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 17, pages 1326-1333. Nicolette, L (2007) ‘ Infection prevention control in the preoperative setting’ , in Rothrock J(ed) Alexander’s care of the patient in surgery.. 3th edn. Missouri: Mosby . pp. 80-82. Reed, J. Proctor, S. (1993) Nurse Education a Reflective Approach, Edward Arnold, London. Taylor, M. and Campbell, C. (1999) ‘Back to basics Communication Skills in the Operating Department’. British Journal of Theatre Nursing 9( 5) pp. 217 – 221. Visser, L (2001) ‘Epidural Anaesthesia’ Update in Anaesthesia, 13(11) pp 1- 4. Nda[online] Available at : http://www. nda. ox. ac. uk/wfsa (Accessed: 21 March, 2008). Bibliography. McEwen, D. (2007) ‘Gynaecologic and Obstetric Surgery’ in Rothrock J(ed) Alexander’s care of the patient in surgery 3th edn. Missouri: Mosby . pp. 411 465. Kumar, B. (1998) Working in the operating department. 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Pp. 125 144. Gwinnutt, C. L. (1996) Clinical Anaesthesia, 1st edn. Oxford, Blackwell. Mrcogn, R. et al (1995) ‘Bone loss after Hysterectomy with ovarian conservation’ Obs Gyn. 86(1) pp. 72-77. Walsgrove, H. (2001) ‘Hysterectomy’, Nursing Standard, 15 (29) pp. 47 – 53. Wu, S. et al (2005) ‘Decision making tree for women considering hysterectomy’ Journal of Advanced Nursing 51 (4) pp. 361 – 368.